Fighting Phobias, The Things That Go
Bump in the Mind
A person can develop a specific phobia of anything, but in
most cases the phobia is shared by many and has a name. Animal
phobias--cynophobia (dogs), equinophobia (horses), zoophobia (all animals)--are
common. So are arachnophobia (spiders) and ophidiophobia (snakes). And, of
course, there's the fear of flying (pterygophobia), heights (acrophobia), and
confined spaces (claustrophobia).
"One of the most common phobias is the fear of
dentists [odontiatophobia]," says Sheryl Jackson, Ph.D., a clinical
psychologist and associate professor at the University
of Alabama at Birmingham. "People who suffer with this
phobia will literally let their teeth rot out because they are afraid to go to
a dentist."
Jackson says that most specific phobias do not cause a serious
disruption in a person's life, and, consequently, sufferers do not seek
professional help. Instead, they find ways to avoid whatever it is that
triggers their panic, or they simply endure the distress felt when they
encounter it. Some may also consult their physicians, requesting medication to
help them through a situation, such as an unavoidable plane trip for someone
who is phobic about flying.
Some phobias cause significant problems that require
long-term professional help. "People usually seek treatment when their
phobia interferes in their lives, the person who turns down promotions because
he knows public speaking will be required, someone who must travel frequently
but who is afraid of flying, or a woman who wants to have children but who has
a fear of pain or blood. These are the people who seek long-term
treatment," says Jackson.
First, the patient and therapist establish a hierarchy of
feared situations, from the least to the most feared. For someone who fears
elevators, for example, stepping onto the elevator causes a certain level of
anxiety; going up one flight causes another level of anxiety. With each
additional flight the anxiety increases until it becomes intolerable. Therapy
begins with the patient and therapist practicing the least fearful event,
riding out the anxiety until the physiological symptoms subside. This step is
repeated until the anxiety level is acceptable. Then the person progresses to
the next step in the hierarchy. Each successive step is repeated until the
physical reactions and anxious mood decrease to the point where the person can step onto an elevator and ride to the top floor
without panicking.
Vocabularies
list :
1. Phobia
= Ketakutan
2. Dentisy
= Dokter
gigi
3. Disruption
= Gangguan
4. Endure
= Menahan
5. Panicking
=Membikin
panic
6. Treatment
= pengobatan
7. Riding
= mengendari
8. Hierarchy
= Hirarki
9. Elevator
= Pelayan
10. Disruption
= Gangguan
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